![]() Mechanical regulation of angiogenesis is especially important for successful wound healing, a complex and dynamic process by which tissue repairs itself after injury 9, 10, 11, 12. However, the dynamics of EC behavior in angiogenesis and especially its regulation by mechanical forces remain poorly understood. ECs also sense the mechanical properties of the extracellular environment and adapt their behavior accordingly during physiological and pathological angiogenesis 8. ![]() Furthermore, blood flow reportedly drives lumen formation by inducing the formation of inverse membrane blebs during angiogenesis 7. It has also been reported that blood flow induces polarized migration of ECs to induce pruning of excessive blood vessels 5, 6. ![]() For instance, fluid shear stress is known to control EC sprouting and their elongation direction during angiogenesis 2, 3, 4. Blood flow-driven mechanical forces such as shear stress, hydrostatic pressure, and cyclic stretch play multiple roles in angiogenesis. Not only chemical factors but also mechanical cues act on endothelial cells (ECs) to regulate angiogenesis. Similar content being viewed by othersĪngiogenesis refers to physiological and pathological processes through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels 1. These data indicate that the TOCA family of F-BAR proteins are key actin regulatory proteins required for directed EC migration and sense mechanical cell stretching to regulate wound angiogenesis. In contrast, IP loading expands upstream injured vessels and stretches ECs, preventing leading edge localization of TOCA1 and CIP4 to inhibit directed EC migration and vessel elongation. In downstream injured vessels, F-BAR proteins, TOCA1 and CIP4, localize at leading edge of ECs to promote N-WASP-dependent Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin polymerization and front-rear polarization for vessel elongation. During wound angiogenesis, blood flow-driven IP loading inhibits elongation of injured blood vessels located at sites upstream from blood flow, while downstream injured vessels actively elongate. Herein, we demonstrate a crucial role of blood flow-driven intraluminal pressure (IP) in regulating wound angiogenesis. However, the mechanobiological mechanisms of angiogenesis remain unknown. Angiogenesis is regulated in coordinated fashion by chemical and mechanical cues acting on endothelial cells (ECs).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |